Conclusions of the Conference, “Ecumenism: Orgins - Expectations - Disenchantment”

An Inter-Orthodox Theological Conference:

Ecumenism
Origins – Expectations – Disenchantment

Ceremony Hall
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
September 20-24, 2004

Sponsored by:
The Department of Pastoral and Social Theology of the
School of Theology of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
and the Society of Orthodox Studies

Conclusions

The Inter-Orthodox Theological Conference “Ecumenism: Origins – Expectations – Disenchantment” was convened on September 20th, 2004 in Thessaloniki, Greece and carried out its work until September 24th with great success. The conference was organized by the Department of Pastoral and Social Theology of the Theological School of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and the Society of Orthodox Studies. Conference sessions were held in the Ceremony Hall of the University.

The conference commenced with a proclamation by His All-holiness Metropolitan Anthimos of Thessaloniki.  In attendance were many Metropolitans and Bishops, as well as the mayor of Thessaloniki (Mr. Panagiotis Psomiadis), members of the Greek Parliament, and university professors, who offered greetings to the conference attendees.

Over the five days of the conference, sixty respected speakers, including Hierarchs from various Orthodox Churches, analyzed every aspect of Ecumenism before a packed audience of the abbots of holy monasteries, clergy, monks, and laity, among which were many theologians, professors from both Theological Schools, and students of the Theological School of the University of Thessaloniki

Conference participants came to the following conclusions, based on the numerous presentations and accompanying discussions:

Read More (pdf)

A Clean Break and Not a Further Merger

A Response to Christianity and the Challenge of Militant Secularism by Bishop Hilarion of Vienaa

If it be blessed, please allow me to offer some thoughts on the paper entitled ”Christianity and the Challenge of Militant Secularism” by Bishop Hilarion of Vienna.

It is astounding to me that, on the one hand, His Grace pinpoints the problem as being a backlash against the totalitarianism of the Papacy - not anti-christianity, but anti-catholicism - but, on the other hand, sees Catholicism as our main ally. Our main ally is the root of the problem? Our main ally is the root cause of the whole demise of Western Europe?

To Defeat Secularism, Religion Must Be Rooted Up

It seems to me that one must understand where we stand in the flow of history to understand why this stance is naive, if not dangerous. Suggesting the Orthodox Church join hands with the religions – the Papacy, Judaism, Islam - in the fight against secularism reveals a misunderstanding of the deeper nature of the problem, namely, that religion (not revelation) necessarily leads to secularism, is the other side of the coin, so to speak. Just as communism and capitalism, and ethnicism and ecumenism, are two sides of the same coin, so are religion (without revelation) and secularism two sides of the same coin. Both religion and secularism have man as the ultimate value because both derive from man and lead to man. Religion, when connected to Revelation, is the human in the divine-human. Religion of itself, however, is merely human because it is merely man’s search for God, producing in the end (when autonomous) a man-made God - God in man’s image. Without revelation (“Thine own of Thine own”wink, religion remains man-centered (“our own of our own”wink

To Our Roman Catholic Friends, with Love in Truth…

A short exposition of the experiences of Roman Catholic saints according to the principles laid down in the Philokalia

From Holy Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra

Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Francis of Assisi
3. Blessed Angela
4. St. Catherine of Siena
5. Teresa of Avila
6.Teresa of Lisieux
7. Ignatius of Loyola
8. The wisdom of the fathers of the Philokalia (Saint Nilus of Sinai, St. Symeon the New Theologian, St. Gregory of Sinai)
9. Conclusion

1. Introduction:

...Frequently I am asked the question: “What is the difference between
Catholicism and Orthodoxy? Wherein lies its fault? Is it not, in fact, just a different
path to Christ?” Many times I have seen that it is enough to provide a few examples from the lives of catholic mystics for the inquirers to say: “Thank you, now it is
clear. That’s enough.”

Indeed, every Local Orthodox Church or non-Orthodox church can be judged by
her saints. Tell me who your saints are and I will tell what your church is.
Every church regards as saints only those who have realized the
Christian ideal in their life, as this Church understands it. That is why the
canonization or glorification of a particular saint is not only a testimony of the Church
about this Christian, who according to her judgment is worthy of her glory
as an example to follow. It is likewise a testimony of the Church
about herself. By the saints we can best of all form a judgement concerning
the true or imaginary sanctity of the Church.

Here are a few examples to illustrate the idea of sanctity in Catholicism.

2. Francis of Assisi

One of the greatest Catholic saints is Francis of Assisi (13th century). His
spiritual outlook is revealed through the following facts. Once Francis
prayed for a long time (the subject of his prayer is very indicative) “about
two mercies”: “The first is … that I can go through all the sufferings that
You, O Sweetest Jesus, have gone through in Your excruciating passions. And
the second mercy… is that I could feel the infinite love, with which you,
Son of God, were burning.” As we see, Francis was concerned not about the
feeling of being sinful, but he openly claimed for equality with Christ!
During this prayer Francis “felt absolutely turned into Jesus”, Whom he saw
at once as a six-winged Seraph, striking him with firing arrows at the
points of cross wounds of Jesus Christ (hands, feet and the right side).
After this vision painful bleeding wounds (stigmata) appeared - the traces
of “Jesus’ passions” (M.V.Lodyzhensky. Invisible light. - Pg. 1915. -
P.109).

The nature of such stigmata is well-known in psychiatry: permanent
concentration of one’s attention on the Christ’s passions excites the nerves and
psyche of a person and may cause such an effect after prolonged exercise. There is
grace-giving in it, because in such compassion with Christ there is no true
love, about which the Lord directly said: He who has my commandments, and
keeps them, he is the one who loves me (Joh.14:21). That is why substitution
of struggle with one’s old man by imaginary emotions of “compassion” is one
of the gravest mistakes in the spiritual life, which leads many ascetics to
self-conceit, pride - to apparent spiritual deceit accompanied by direct
mental disorder (comp. Francis’s “sermons” to birds, wolf, turtle-doves,
snakes, flowers, his awe of fire, stones, worms).

The goal of life set by Francis is also very indicative: “I laboured and
want to labour further…, for it brings honour” (St. Francis of Assisi. - M.,
Izd.Frantsiskantsev, 1995. - P.145). Francis wishes to suffer for the others
and atone their sins (P.20). And at the end of his life he frankly said: “I
do not know any transgression of mine that I have not atoned by confession
and repentance” (M.V.Lodyzhensky. - p.129). All this testifies for his not
seeing his sins, i.e. his total spiritual blindness.

For a comparison I’ll describe to you a moment from life of St. Sisoe the
Great (5th century). “Just before his death, surrounded by the brethren,
when Sisoe looked like talking with invisible ones, to the question “Father,
tell us, whom are you talking with?” he said: “The angels have come to take
me, but I pray to them that they let me stay here for a short time for
repentance”. Knowing that Sisoi was perfect in virtues the brethren objected
to him: “Father, you have no need in repentance”, and Sisoi answered like
this: “Verily, I do not know, if I have at least started the cause of my
repentance” (Lodyzhensky. - p.133). This deep understanding and vision of one’s
imperfection is the most distinctive trait of all true saints.

Old Habits Die Hard or Not at All

Many sincere, and others perhaps not so sincere, Orthodox theologians are convinced that the theological dialogue has brought about major changes within Roman Catholicism.

This article reveals just how wrong they are in at least one area: how far Roman Catholics and Protestants have fallen from the Orthodox Christian understanding surrounding Holy Communion. Especially noteworthy are the comments of the R.C. priest at the end of the article. They continue their old erroneous practices and ideas unabated, in spite of supposed “ecumenical gains.”

Unstable in All Their Ways

One of the most common observations made regarding those involved in Ecumenism concerns their inconsistency and instability. Or, using the phrase of the Apostle Iakovos: their double-mindedness. Take the following example as a case in point:

Back in 2001, when the Pope came to Greece, everyone remembers Archbishop Christodoulos saying that since the government had invited him, he was powerless to prevent the visit. He said he was a victim of circumstances and had to do his best in a bad situation.

By November of 2004 the story line had changed – substantially. Archbishop Christodoulos relates a very different version of things now. In response to an Italian reporter’s question – Do you have contacts with the tiny Greek Catholic Church? – the Archbishop replied:

“I have excellent relations with the Greek Catholic community. Some of its bishops were my classmates, at the Catholic school run by the French Marianists. We have taken concrete steps together, for example making possible the pope’s visit in 2001, which met with very strong opposition among us but then came off to everyone’s satisfaction.”

A victim of circumstances in 2001 - an organizer and enabler in 2004? A reluctant participant in 2001 - a satisfied supporter in 2004?

Unfortunately, it doesn’t end there, but extends to important dogmatic issues. Here is what Archbishop Christodoulos said back in 1998 on Greek National Radio regarding “the heresy of Ecumenism”:

Ecumenism, in the way the meaning of the word has prevailed, is of course a heresy because it means a renunciation of the basic principles of the Orthodox Faith, as, for example, the acceptance of the so-called branch theory, that every church has a part of the truth and that all the churches should unite and put all the pieces of the truth on the table to form a whole. We believe that Orthodoxy is the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church. That’s it. It’s non-debatable; and subsequently, whoever professes the contrary can be called an ecumenist and therefore a heretic.” (Archbishop of Athens, Christodoulos, Interview on the Church Radio, 24-5-1998)

That was in 1998. Now for what the Archbishop had to say on the matter in November of 2004. In answer to the question – What is your judgment on ecumenism? – he replied:

“Corporate Union” in the “Faith of our Fathers”?

The article took its title from the words of the Patriarch of Constantinople: “No Insurmountable Obstacles” to Catholic, Orthodox Unity. However, of greater interest for the faithful is what Cardinal Kasper had to say:

“What unites us is much more than a human bond; it is a communion in the faith that John Chrysostom and Gregory Nazianzen confessed and courageously proclaimed.”

To be united in faith with Sts. John Chrysostom and Gregory the Theologian the Papacy is going to have to do a lot more than make a show of handing back their relics. They are also going to have to repent of their heretical beliefs, of which the great Fathers had no part. The Three Hierarchs were not papalists! To begin with they certainly held no man up as infallible! They would have sooner been martyred than accept the dreadful innovations of the Papacy.

In any case, we are assured that progress is being made and that this time around will not be a replay of Uniatism. The Holy See assures us that they acknowledge that “ecumenical progress should come through corporate reunion with the Orthodox churches [not Church – ed.] rather than the recognition of new Eastern-rite Catholic communities.”

Let’s read that again: “rather than the recognition of new Eastern-rite Catholic communities.” If the Papacy was truly thinking in terms of pre-schism ecclesiology the above reference to the method of Uniatism would have been impossible. An honest shepherd doesn’t need to give assurances that he’s not interested in acquiring his brothers’ sheep (c.f. Jn. 10:10-14). This well illustrates that they view the Orthodox as potential new “Eastern-Rite Catholics.” It makes little difference if they use the jargon of old, pre-Vatican II imperialists or new, corporate tycoons, the goal is the same: takeover. The Papacy has only changed their methods – honey instead of a stick - but not their aim – the absorption of the Orthodox as “Eastern-Rite” Uniates.


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